This is certainly the case when woody species are part of the potential natural community for a site 2. Intensively managed grazing has been successfully used to control aspen regrowth in the parkland regions of Alberta and the Peace River region of British Columbia. In healthy aspen stands with high sucker density, forage production can be increased by as much as two-thirds with intensively managed grazing 3.

Winter grazing as well as planned and managed in-field winter feeding can be a useful forage rejuvenation option. Grazing sites, whether using bale grazing or stockpiled grazing can be strategically located in order to distribute nutrients through manure and urine.

At two sites in northern Alberta where forage productivity had declined on year-old pastures comprised of meadow bromegrass and alfalfa, bale grazing consistently produced higher forage dry matter yield than other rejuvenation methods including breaking and reseeding, grazing management, fertilization, manure application, and sod seeding 4.

This increased production could be due in part to improved soil physical conditions infiltration rate, soil moisture and compaction and increased soil nutrients. Bales made with mature grasses with seedheads present may also help to reseed pastures, which can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the species composition.

Bale grazing has also been successfully practiced at the AAFC Nappan Research Farm in Nova Scotia for the past ten years, with anecdotal reports of improved pasture quality.

Fertilizing forages can also be accomplished by winter feeding on forage stands. Rather than cattle being fed in corrals, feed is provided to animals on pasture or hay fields. In-field feeding provides savings in machinery and manure handling costs while forage production can be increased as a result of added nutrients 5.

The Beef Research School video, Fertility Management in Pastures, discusses fertility impacts on forage productivity , fertility strategies , and bale grazing as a source of nutrients for pastures If an assessment of the current forage stand shows that there is a sufficient quantity of the desired plant species still present, then fertilization can be an effective tool to reinvigorate and increase forage yields.

By applying nutrients that are limiting, as determined by taking a soil test, forage production can be improved. Soil pH should be accounted for in conjunction with fertilizer plans—in the event of low soil pH, nutrients may be present in the soil but unavailable for uptake by plant species.

When soils are very acidic pH less than 5. Additionally, raising the pH can reduce the solubility of aluminum and manganese, which can be potentially toxic to plants at high levels. Optimum nutrient uptake by most crops occurs at soil pH between 6.

Low pH soils are common in Eastern Canada due to the underlying bedrock and soil types, and often require amendments every few years to offset the natural progression to a return to lower pH levels. Adjusting soil pH will increase the solubility of nutrients and allow them to become more available to plants.

Adding fertilizer to low pH soils without pH amendment will not solve the problem of nutrient insolubility. In those regions across Canada where acidic soils are a limiting factor for forage production, a common practice is to apply a material that contains some form of lime or an effective calcium carbonate equivalency such as wood ash.

Lime type should be selected based on your soil test; dolomitic lime should be selected if magnesium is required over calcitic lime. Contact your local extension staff or agronomic consultants if you have questions regarding which lime source is most suitable to your situation.

When an application of lime is needed, the lime is most effective if it is incorporated prior to seeding or at least six months in advance when overseeding or sod-seeding. Lime should not be applied at the same time as fertilizer to prevent interactions with the fertilizer before incorporation in the soil.

It may take one to three years to become fully effective, especially if it is not incorporated. With this type of soil remediation, pH is improved, and less fertilizer will be required due to better availability of soil nutrients. As with all soil factors, soil testing is essential to determine whether the pH needs adjusting and the best and most cost-effective management practices to employ.

Adjustments of pH should be considered before fertilizer applications. A soil test is also essential to determine which nutrients are currently available and which may be deficient.

Without this critical information there is a good chance that your investment may be money misspent. Knowing what nutrients to apply and in what quantity is an important first step in a fertility program.

A soil test is essential to determine which nutrients are currently available and which may be deficient. The use of fertilizer inorganic or manure organic to improve production and longevity should be based on recommended application rates considering fertilizer use efficiency, availability of nutrients in the soil, and soil moisture.

Under the right conditions, fertilizer application can be one of the most cost-effective methods to improve forage yield and quality. Nutrients applied will also depend on soil type and the type of vegetation.

As general rule of thumb, grasses tend to be lacking nitrogen and phosphorous while legumes may benefit from the addition of phosphorous and sulfur. Fertilizer can be used to adjust the grass-legume ratio in a mixed stand with nitrogen application increasing the grass proportion and phosphorous increasing legumes.

However, adding large amounts of nitrogen to fields with high legume content can cause legumes to significantly decrease or halt their own nitrogen fixation process—a very uneconomical occurrence. It is usually better to band fertilizer below the soil surface than to broadcast in order to reduce nitrogen losses to the atmosphere and to increase the effectiveness of phosphorous due to its slow mobility in the soil 5.

Banding is best done when plants are dormant and when soil is moist to minimize plant injury because of root disturbance. Application of granular fertilizer is very moisture dependent to break down the product and make it available. While some research suggests that fertilizer may not result in economic yield increases on dry years, most of the fertilizer, when banded, will remain in the soil and be available for future years 8.

Under irrigation, the use of fertilizer becomes much less risky as timing and amount of water applied can be managed. The potential for optimizing forage yields is very high as nutrient and moisture status can be controlled more closely as compared to dryland conditions where the outcome is dependent upon rainfall.

A study conducted in western Quebec evaluated yield response of forage stands dominated by timothy and orchardgrass to four rates of N fertilizer 9.

This shortage of soil N had to be compensated for by additional fertilizer to reach the optimal economic yield of these forage grasses. Both of the above examples from different regions of the country present very generalized guidelines and emphasize the importance of evaluating each site, including soil conditions and forage types.

In all cases, a soil test is needed to determine the optimum application rates for your specific soil type and forage species. In addition, split fertilizer applications are useful for timing nutrient delivery when the plants require it and reduces the amount of volatilization that occurs-— resulting in greater efficiency.

The following table reports yield response of several forage types to various fertilizer application rates across a number of soil zones and locations in Saskatchewan.

Note the synergistic effect of applying more than one nutrient nitrogen and phosphorous with a two to three-fold increased yield response as compared to applying nitrogen alone.

As with all rejuvenation treatments, costs and benefits of fertilization need to be carefully evaluated. The goal of fertilizing is to decrease the per unit cost of producing forage. However, higher yields do not necessarily translate into lower costs or increased profits due to fertilizer and application costs.

Optimal fertilizer costs are affected by hay prices, fertilizer prices and the base land cost. As hay prices increase the willingness to pay for fertilizer should increase. As land costs increase the willingness to pay for fertilizer should increase.

Inorganic fertilizer price increases may increase interest in maximizing manure usage. Testing manure for nutrient content is one way to fine-tune nutrient management.

Therefore, it is important for producers to know their cost of production COP and adjust their strategy based on the current price situation. The BCRC webpage, Improving Forage Yields , provides more detailed information about fertility and forage stands. To learn more about the economics and economic impacts of fertilization see the factsheet Historical Review of Forage Fertilization Research.

Mechanical disturbance can be done using cultivator or anhydrous shanks, knives, or rotary harrows. Whatever type of equipment is used, the objective is to disturb 30 to 50 percent of the perennial forage stand to a depth of two to four inches using one or two passes in the early spring prior to plant growth.

This will create a rough surface so the need to level the area using a drag or land roller after disturbance is likely.

This form of rejuvenation increases the decomposition of root material, releasing nutrients into the soil and making them available for plant use. With sufficient precipitation, the release of nitrogen will result in increased forage growth similar to applying fertilizer. Although thinning of the stand and reduced forage production is seen initially, this method of rejuvenation may result in a longer-term increase in forage yield.

However, disturbance of weed seeds can result in weed problems. It is important to note that using mechanical disturbance to improve forage production is very dependent on adequate moisture conditions. In this study, treatments were very timely with spring rainfall contributing to positive growth response.

Studies conducted at five sites in central Alberta using an Aer-Way aerator for mechanical disturbance showed no significant yield response Selective herbicides can be used to control unwanted plants woody re-growth, brush expansion, poisonous and invasive plants that are competing with desirable forage species.

Registered products are not available to control all species and some treatments may be expensive and difficult to apply. Several treatments of follow-up may be required for effective control and there is sometimes a risk of damaging or eliminating some desirable plants.

Herbicide application may only provide a short-term solution as some weeds are indicators of soil pH, fertility or grazing management issues. Herbicides can be applied using a regular ground sprayer where ground conditions allow. Wick applicators are effective for controlling weeds that are taller than the forage stand and can minimize the amount of herbicide applied which can be a cost saving measure.

A number of herbicides are registered for weed control in forage crops. Choosing the right herbicide for the job and circumstances is important as some products may require taking the area out of feed production for a period of time.

Contact a regional agrologist for more information and specific recommendations for usage and application. Mowing can be used to remove unwanted vegetation such as weeds or brush.

The removal of these plants can provide a competitive advantage to the more desirable forage species, allowing them to make use of nutrients, sunlight and moisture and potentially outcompete the less desirable plants.

This method of rejuvenation is very hard on equipment when used on rough terrain and can be expensive and time consuming. Initially there is a reduction of the available forage but longer-term improvements in yield may be achieved.

In the case of trees and shrubs, re-mowing is required as suckering and increased woody branches will occur. Mowing two years in a row is much more effective for woody plant control than only one mowing followed by another mowing several years later.

Following mowing, cattle will browse new suckers of most woody species if stock density is high enough to reduce selective grazing.

Sod seeding is the direct seeding of forages into an existing perennial forage stand in order to improve species composition without breaking up the sod. In these situations, desired plant species densities have become too low and undesirable or invasive species too numerous in the stand.

The use of a non-selective herbicide, such as glyphosate, is used to suppress existing and actively growing vegetation in order to allow for successful establishment of new seedlings.

If not suppressed, the competition from the established plants, for both nutrients and soil moisture, will greatly reduce establishment of the new forage seedlings. Remember, all remnant stands of native rangeland should be retained and NOT enhanced or replaced with non-native plant species. The success of sod seeding is largely dependent upon adequate soil moisture and seed to soil contact to allow new seedlings to establish.

Advantages of direct seeding into sod include not exposing the land to erosion as may occur with breaking and reseeding, conservation of available soil moisture that does exist, plus reduction in costs and the ability to keep fields in production.

Additionally, soil fertility is important for any forage establishment method. Many patients undervalue the importance of skin texture, but it is a critical component of a vital-looking face.

The human eye equates smooth skin with youth, sometimes without us even realizing it. American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Community Home ask a surgeon patient community. Ask a Surgeon. Patient Community. Post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons or share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community.

The views expressed in Ask a Surgeon and the Patient Community are those of the participants and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.

Share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community or post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons.

Post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons. or share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community. Share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community.

or post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons. Account Dashboard Log In. is dedicated to providing exceptional care for her patients.

She became part of the Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialists family after moving to Washington, D. from her home state of Texas in She received a bachelor of arts in English from the University of Texas at Austin. She then received her doctor of medicine degree from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.

She completed an internship in General Surgery and residency in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Kansas Medical Center. Following residency, Dr. Hall joined the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery faculty at the University of Texas Health Science Center of San Antonio as an Assistant Professor.

We offer extensive expertise in evaluating and treating disorders of the head and neck, including complicated sinus and nasal problems, hearing loss, ringing in the ears, vertigo, snoring, sleep disorders, voice disorders, and swallowing problems, along with facial cosmetic surgery, aesthetics and more.

Suite Rockville, MD P: Jennifer Lynn Goodrich, M. Shama Shaikh, PA-C Audiologists Michael DiSanti, Au. D Alyssa Heinz, Au. D Aesthetician Sivan Berube Blog Bill Pay Patient Portal. Close Search. Below, we describe the measures you should take before and after skin rejuvenation to produce the best results: What Is Morpheus8 RF Microneedling?

What Skin Problems Can Morpheus8 Treat? Skin resurfacing can help a wide range of skin conditions, including: Wrinkles and fine lines due to aging Sun damage or photoaging Discoloration and uneven skin Acne scars Liver spots Stretch marks Enlarged pores Surgical scars Before Skin Rejuvenation About 6 weeks before your treatment, your provider will share some guidelines: Tailor your skincare routine.

Your aesthetician or skin care specialist will explain which skin products you may use to prepare and prime your skin. Some products can lead to complications, so consult a professional to identify safe ingredients.

shattered just shy of reaching my dream, I stumbled into the world of coaching and discovered a lifelong passion for guiding teams and individuals to achieve extraordinary visions in sport, creativity and life without blowing up their bodies, relationships and businesses along the way.

In the same way that elite athletes cultivate simple practices that set themselves up for game day, what we each do with our minds and physical bodies in the early moments of each day sets the rhythm for our experience in the game of life and can have a profound effect on how we feel, what we create, how we relate and what we allow ourselves to bring, give and receive.

Imagine the sun is getting ready to rise and you are rising with it. Here are some powerful first actions to incorporate into your daily regime:. This ancient Ayurvedic practice is done immediately upon rising to rid the mouth of many toxins and bacteria that are released into the mouth overnight.

Tongue scraping can be done with a silver spoon or dedicated tongue scraper gold, silver, copper, and bronze are ideal metals. High quality stainless steel is also acceptable. The tongue is the mirror to all the organs of the body and scraping gentle scrapes from back to front helps to stimulate the internal organs, improve digestion by increasing your sense of taste, and cleanse the body and increase mental clarity by reducing toxins from the head.

Our mouth is one of the main gateways between our body, mind and the environment, so maintaining the health of this connection is essential to our wellbeing. The practice involves placing a tablespoon of oil sesame, olive or coconut into your mouth and swishing it around — pulling it between your teeth for minutes — before spitting it out.

Traditionally sesame oil was the primary oil used, but many now use coconut oil for its detoxing, hormone balancing and digestion improving qualities — adding to the other researched benefits of increasing energy, whitening teeth, improving skin tone and killing candida.

The process of oil pulling, along with being a great face workout, draws toxins from throughout the oral cavity. So, whatever you do, do not swallow the oil during or after pulling as you will be ingesting the toxins you are trying to wipe out.

Spitting, rinsing with fresh water and brushing teeth afterwards is a perfect next step and will leave your whole mouth and head feeling clean, clear and alive. Our skin is a complex system made up of nerves, glands, and cell layers. Skin brushing is powerfully instrumental not only in detoxifying the body, but cleaning our lymphatic system, stimulating circulation, increasing cell renewal, tightening skin, improving digestion, stimulating glands and removing dead skin layers — to name a few!

You can pick up a good natural skin brush not synthetic from most organic grocery stores or natural skin care outlets. Brush vigorously in circular motion from the soles of your feet up to the top of your head in all areas except your genitals, breasts and face.

Do this on dry skin with a dry brush before you shower or sweat. The process is quite meditative and leaves your entire body feeling totally invigorated. The Ayurvedic art of self-massage, also known as Abhyanga, is considered one of the most important regimes in Ayurveda, not only for keeping the skin, hair, nails and joints healthy, but for stimulating and balancing the energy points in the body.

While other oils can be used coconut, almond, etc. Warm Black Sesame oil has a way of lubricating these joints and leaving your whole body feeling loose and calm. This can be a great time to meditate, do Chi Gong, Yoga, or — as I often do — venture outside and stand barefoot in the grass, soaking up the healing electromagnetic energy of the Earth and early rays of sun.

Science and indigenous cultures across the globe have demonstrated The Many Benefits of Earthing reducing stress and inflammation, slowing down aging, eliminating chronic pain and balancing our adrenals and hormones — to name a few!

The ancient Essenes were known to plunge into the cold waters of the Dead Sea each morning as a pillar practice of holistic vitality. The modern shower version of this is something I discovered during months of injury recovery as an athlete to help stimulate blood flow and decrease swelling after workouts and therapy.

Having an older brother who often hurled glasses of freezing cold water over the shower curtain while I showered as a kid, this was not an easy practice to embrace, but I grew to love and experience the benefits of Hot and Cold showers so much that I continue to do it almost daily.

There are a few different theories on time frames and ratios, and — depending on your local water supply — you may wish to experiment with this, but I tend to go with minutes of hot, followed by seconds of cold, and repeat the cycle anywhere between times.

Caution: Be very careful to adjust the water temperature gradually so as not to shock or burn your skin. And if you dare, always end on COLD… Wow! By finishing or interweaving the above steps with full glasses of clean, filtered water warm or room temperature , drunk slowly with gratitude, you will now have positively infused virtually every cell and system in your body.

This regime — done as a sequence or in parts — may take between minutes overall. In my experience of following these practices, I find whatever amount of time I am willing to give, each element gives back exponentially in aliveness, alertness, connection and positive energy for my day.

Experiment with these practices individually — and as a series — to see what your body connects with most as you take the next step in becoming who you truly came here to be. TNS is a framework that uses the natural sciences to guide businesses toward more sustainable—and profitable—practices by intelligently integrating the environment into decision-making and operations.

Soon after the conference, Rejuvenation volunteered for an innovative pilot project sponsored by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality DEQ , the City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services, and the Oregon Natural Step Network that integrated The Natural Step with an environmental management system EMS based on ISO This system would allow Rejuvenation to analyze and mitigate the environmental impact of its manufacturing practices.

Through these scores, they identify opportunities and create a prioritized list of changes for the company. Lumen for lumen, incandescent lighting is less efficient than other lighting sources and thus, requires more electricity, which in turn, leads to more emissions from power plants.

To mitigate this, Rejuvenation increased its selection of period-authentic lighting fixtures that accommodate more efficient, and therefore less polluting, compact fluorescent CFL bulbs.

Rejuvenation has also focused on product durability, striving to manufacture products that will last for a long time. Due to growing demand, Rejuvenation moved to a new factory in Around the same time, it dropped its craftsman-based production methods because of the need for more consistent quality and greater manufacturing efficiency.

Having learned the benefits of flow manufacturing at a training, Klosterman and his managers began to experiment with Lean methods. Today, Rejuvenation commonly uses Lean tools like Kaizen, VSM, 5S, waste minimization, and root cause analysis.

In addition, they are willing to reexamine the same operation year after year, thus allowing fresh eyes to analyze the process and identify opportunities for further improvement. Because the changes made have been continuous and gradual Kaizen events notwithstanding , it has taken some time for everyone to recognize the full potential of Lean.

In fact, Klosterman believes that most employees have only fully absorbed Lean thinking and principles in the last year or two. He contends they are now able to do things that he could have never dreamed of just a few years ago. Prior to the introduction of Lean, they sent finished products to a quality control department for inspection.

The result was a twelve to fifteen percent failure rate requiring a lot of expensive rework. Now, customization errors can be identified and corrected before the next process begins. In addition, under the theory that quality improves if workers can see and value the whole process and not just a few narrow tasks, they dismantled an individual productivity system that had prevented employee flow across departments and teams.

A customer order provides the initial pull. Upon receipt of an order, a kit containing the required parts and materials is assembled and then pulled through the manufacturing line using traditional Lean pull signals at each step.

Whereas it promises customers a fourteen day lead time, but its overseas suppliers can require a three to four month lead time, Rejuvenation does maintain a significant inventory of raw materials and parts. Their inventory of parts gets completely turned over only about once a year.

However, they believe this works for them. Nevertheless, through Lean, work-in-progress WIP has significantly reduced. Although as a customization shop, Rejuvenation has never considered WIP as much of a problem, over the last five years it has been cut from seven to eight days to about one and a half days.

Interestingly, it took floor operators a while to get used to this improvement; they had been using the WIP as a signal to gauge their work speed.

Rejuvenation uses 5S constantly in the shop. As a result, the factory floor is much cleaner and better organized than it was eight years ago. However, workers are allowed to vary their routines to prevent monotony and allow some limited individualization of practice.

Klosterman believes that workers need some level of personalization to be fully committed to continuous improvement. He warns that 5S can sometimes become an unhealthy obsession or end unto itself, rather than a means towards improving efficiency and reducing costs. Like all Lean tools, it must be applied carefully, practically, and appropriately.

Although they make no formal connections between their Lean practices and sustainability efforts, they recognize that the two are connected and complement each other well.

Nevertheless, they rarely make an effort to calculate the exact environmental or financial benefits from a single, small change.