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Download references. This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Vienna. No other sources of funding to be declared.
The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional files. PCC acquired part of the data up to GH and LS developed the idea for this systematic review, GH prepared the protocol. Literature search was performed by MP and LS, while data extraction, analyses, and synthesis was done by all authors.
GH prepared the first draft of the manuscript. Disagreements were resolved by consensus, all authors read and approved of the final manuscript. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14 UZAII , A, Vienna, Austria. German Institute of Human Nutrition, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee , D, Nuthetal, Germany. Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen SFISM , CH, Magglingen, Switzerland.
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Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Download ePub. Research article Open access Published: 11 July A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbohydrate benefits associated with randomized controlled competition-based performance trials Martin Pöchmüller 1 , Lukas Schwingshackl 2 , Paolo C.
Abstract Background Carbohydrate supplements are widely used by athletes as an ergogenic aid before and during sports events. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched systematically up to February Results Twenty-four randomized controlled trials met the objectives and were included in the present systematic review, 16 of which provided data for meta-analyses.
Conclusion Due to the limitations of this systematic review, results can only be applied to a subset of athletes trained male cyclists. Background Carbohydrates are one of the two main fuels for sport activities and their importance for optimal sport performance both in training and in competition is generally undisputed among experts [ 1 , 2 ].
Methods Search strategy Data of the original search by Colombani et al. Inclusion criteria In accordance to Colombani et al. Exclusion criteria Studies with time-to-exhaustion tests or studies with insufficient methodological information to enable a check of the inclusion criteria were excluded.
Categorization of interventions To yield more homogeneous study designs it was necessary to categorize the studies by defining comparable interventions prior to statistical analysis. Taken together, this resulted in the following classification of groups: Group 1: Submaximal exercise followed by a time trial measuring time needed to cover a fixed distance or a fixed set amount of work; Group 2: Time trial measuring time needed to cover a fixed distance or a fixed set amount of work; Group 3: Submaximal exercise followed by a time trial measuring power W accomplished within a fixed time or distance; Group 4: Time trial measuring power W accomplished within a fixed time or distance.
Statistical analyses Data were analyzed using the Review Manager 5. Results Literature search In the original literature search by Colombani et al. Table 1 General characteristics of randomized controlled trials included in the systematic review Full size table.
Table 2 Characteristics of participants in studies eligible for systematic review Full size table. Full size image. Discussion Based upon the recent systematic review by Colombani et al. Subgroups carbohydrate concentration Irrespective of specific carbohydrate concentrations, meta-analytical results of both groups 1 and 3 yielded statistically significant benefits for carbohydrate supplementation.
Strengths and limitations The protocol of the present systematic review was designed to summarize the available evidence on the ergogenic effects of carbohydrate supplementation as an expansion of the results by Colombani et al. References Rodriguez NR, Di Marco NM, Langley S.
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Availability of data and materials The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its additional files. Colombani Authors Martin Pöchmüller View author publications. View author publications. Additional files. Additional file 1: Figure S1.
Additional file 2: Figure S2. Additional file 3: Figure S3. Additional file 4: Figure S4. Rights and permissions Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. About this article. Cite this article Pöchmüller, M.
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Accessed 27 May Download references. This supplement is supported by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute GSSI. The supplement was guest edited by Lawrence L. Spriet, who convened a virtual meeting of the GSSI Expert Panel in October and received honoraria from the GSSI, a division of PepsiCo, Inc.
Dr Spriet received no honoraria for guest editing the supplement. Dr Spriet suggested peer reviewers for each paper, which were sent to the Sports Medicine Editor-in-Chief for approval, prior to any reviewers being approached.
Dr Spriet provided comments on each paper and made an editorial decision based on comments from the peer reviewers and the Editor-in-Chief. Where decisions were uncertain, Dr Spriet consulted with the Editor-in-Chief. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc.
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Gareth A. Both TP and GAW planned, wrote and revised the manuscript. Both authors also read and approved the final manuscript. This article is based on a presentation by Gareth Wallis to the GSSI Expert Panel in October An honorarium for preparation of this article was provided by the GSSI.
No other sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this article. and Volac International Ltd. Tim Podlogar has no conflicts of interest of potential relevance to the content of this review.
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Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Download PDF. Abstract The importance of carbohydrate as a fuel source for exercise and athletic performance is well established. Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis Article Open access 05 November A Perspective on High-Intensity Interval Training for Performance and Health Article Open access 07 October Impact of a short-term nitrate and citrulline co-supplementation on sport performance in elite rowers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial Article Open access 10 February Use our pre-submission checklist Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
FormalPara Key Points Athletes should apply a periodized approach to nutrition to ensure dietary carbohydrate intake matches the carbohydrate demand of training or competition. Table 1 Suggested areas for investigation to enhance understanding of the role of carbohydrates in the diet of athletes Full size table.
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Over the years, consumotion focus Petformance shifted from a benfits intake of animal protein to Pefformance role of carbohydrate genefits water. Today, there is a growing recognition Black pepper extract for enhancing absorption the primary role of sports Performance benefits of carbohydrate consumption benecits be to Performance benefits of carbohydrate consumption the adaptations taking place in muscle and other tissues in response to the training stimulus. There is also much interest in the implications of manipulation of the fat and carbohydrate content of the diet. This publication contains the proceedings of the 69th Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop held in Hawaii in October The aim of the workshop was to explore the effects of nutritional manipulations on the metabolic responses to acute and chronic exercise. Proper Boost liver immunity is often carbohydratee missing link between training Performance benefits of carbohydrate consumption performance gains. Benefigs travel quite the journey before they finally absorb into the bloodstream via the small intestines. Energy glucose can be stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen to be used as energy during exercise. Taking on carbohydrate during exercise delivers rapid energy to the working muscles and prolongs your endurance capacity. However, the effects of the energy you receive can differ drastically depending on the type of carbohydrate you use.
So kommt es vor. Geben Sie wir werden diese Frage besprechen.
ich beglückwünsche, dieser sehr gute Gedanke fällt gerade übrigens